{"id":642,"date":"2019-12-23T15:14:19","date_gmt":"2019-12-23T21:14:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/aprenderquechua.com\/?p=642"},"modified":"2020-03-23T11:35:16","modified_gmt":"2020-03-23T17:35:16","slug":"plural-and-possessive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/grammar\/plural-and-possessive\/","title":{"rendered":"Grammar 7: The plural and the possessive in Quechua"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns botones is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/grammar\/verbs-conjugation-future-simple-and-continuous\/\">&lt;&lt;&lt;<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/free-quechua-course\/\">Lessons<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/grammar\/verb-kay-to-be\/\">&gt;&gt;&gt;<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<!-- aprenderquechua-display-cuadrado -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1730987954818825\" data-ad-slot=\"3042231937\" data-ad-format=\"auto\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Formation of plural in Quechua<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In English, the most common formation of plural nouns is by adding an&nbsp;<em>&#8211;<strong>s<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;suffix to the singular noun, in Quechua you must add the suffix <strong><span style=\"color:#005E8A\" class=\"tadv-color\">-kuna<\/span><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We saw a little of this with the pronouns qan<span style=\"color:#0073A8\" class=\"tadv-color\">kuna<\/span> (you [guys]) and pay<span style=\"color:#0073A8\" class=\"tadv-color\">kuna<\/span> (they), which are formed by adding <span style=\"color:#0073A8\" class=\"tadv-color\">-kuna<\/span> to qan (you) and pay (he\/she).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s look at some examples and increase our vocabulary:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<!-- Feed1 -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-layout-key=\"-ef+6k-30-ac+ty\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1730987954818825\" data-ad-slot=\"2934420723\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"\"><tbody><tr><td>P&#8217;unchay<\/td><td>Day<\/td><td>P&#8217;unchay<strong>kuna<\/strong><\/td><td>Days<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sonqo<\/td><td>Heart<\/td><td>Sonqo<strong>kuna<\/strong><\/td><td>Hearts<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Llaqta<\/td><td>City, Town<\/td><td>Llaqta<strong>kuna<\/strong><\/td><td>Cities, towns<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u00d1an<\/td><td>Path<\/td><td>\u00d1an<strong>kuna<\/strong><\/td><td>Paths<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Rumi<\/td><td>Stone<\/td><td>Rumi<strong>kuna<\/strong><\/td><td>Stones<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Runa<\/td><td>Person<\/td><td>Runa<strong>kuna<\/strong><\/td><td>Persons<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Wasi<\/td><td>House<\/td><td>Wasi<strong>kuna<\/strong><\/td><td>Houses<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ch&#8217;aska<\/td><td>Star<\/td><td>Ch&#8217;aska<strong>kuna<\/strong><\/td><td>Stars<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Wawa<\/td><td>Baby, child, offspring<\/td><td>Wawa<strong>kuna<\/strong><\/td><td>Babies, children,  offsprings<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Orqo<\/td><td>Mountain, hill<\/td><td>Orqo<strong>kuna<\/strong><\/td><td>Mountains, hills<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Possessive endings in Quechua and suffix -q\/-pa<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To indicate possession in Quechua you have to add endings very similar to those of the present simple.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When the word ends in a consonant, add <strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">-ni<\/span><\/strong> before the possessive ending.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Regarding the suffix <strong>-q\/-pa<\/strong>, this is added to pronouns, proper names, nouns, among others; <span style=\"background-color:#FFF7B1\" class=\"tadv-background-color\"><strong><em>-q<\/em><\/strong> is used when the noun ends in a vowel<\/span>, and <span style=\"background-color:#BFEAFD\" class=\"tadv-background-color\"><strong><em>-pa<\/em><\/strong> when it ends in a consonant<\/span>. <strong><em>Pronouns can be tacit or omitted<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Pronoun<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Word ending in <span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">vowel<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Word ending in <span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">consonant<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Meaning<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Noqa<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">q<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">-y<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&#8211;<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><\/strong>y<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">My<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Qan<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">pa<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">-yki<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&#8211;<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><\/strong>yki<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Your<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Pay<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">pa<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">-n<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&#8211;<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><\/strong>n<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">His \/ Her<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Noqanchis<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">pa<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">-nchis<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&#8211;<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><\/strong>nchis<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Our<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Noqayku<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">q<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">-yku<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&#8211;<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><\/strong>yku<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Our<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Qankuna<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">q<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">-ykichis<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&#8211;<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><\/strong>ykichis<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Your<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Paykuna<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">q<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">-nku<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&#8211;<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><\/strong>nku<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Their<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"background-color:#FAD2E0\" class=\"tadv-background-color\">The suffix <strong>-q\/-pa<\/strong> indicates belonging, property, possession<\/span>, it can be translated: <strong>of, belonging to, property of<\/strong>. Examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Juan<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">pa<\/span><\/strong>: of Juan, belonging to Juan<\/li><li>Maria<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">q<\/span><\/strong>: of Maria, belonging to Maria<\/li><li>Llaqta<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">q<\/span><\/strong>: of the city, belonging to the city<\/li><li>Qan<strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">pa<\/span><\/strong>: of you, belonging to you<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Words ending in vowel<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s see how these possessives endings and the suffix &#8220;-q&#8221; are used with the word &#8220;Wasi&#8221; (house) which ends in a vowel:<\/p>\n\n\n\nDisplay3\n<!-- Display3 -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1730987954818825\" data-ad-slot=\"3954494946\" data-ad-format=\"auto\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Pronoun (optional)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Noun<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>English<\/strong> <strong><em>(<span style=\"color:#F3534A\" class=\"tadv-color\">literally<\/span>)<\/em><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Noqa<strong><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">q<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">wasi<\/span><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\"><strong>y<\/strong><\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">My<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">house<\/span> <em>(<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">my<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">house<\/span> <span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\"><strong>of<\/strong><\/span> me)<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Qan<strong><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">pa<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">wasi<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">yki<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Your<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">house<\/span> <em>(<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">your<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">house<\/span> <strong><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">of<\/span><\/strong> you)<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Pay<span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\"><strong>pa<\/strong><\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">wasi<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">His\/Her<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">house<\/span> <em>(<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">his\/her<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">house<\/span> <strong><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">of<\/span><\/strong> him\/her)<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Noqanchis<span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\"><strong>pa<\/strong><\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">wasi<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">nchis<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Our<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">house<\/span> <em>(<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">our<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">house<\/span> <strong><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">of<\/span><\/strong> us)<\/em> [also belongs to the hearer]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Noqayku<strong><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">q<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">wasi<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">yku<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Our<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">house<\/span> <em>(<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">our<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">house<\/span> <strong><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">of<\/span><\/strong> us)<\/em> [does not belong to the hearer]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Qankuna<strong><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">q<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">waki<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ykichis<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Your<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">house<\/span> <em>(<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">your<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">house<\/span> <strong><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">of<\/span><\/strong> you [guys])<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Paykuna<strong><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">q<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">wasi<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">nku<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Their<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">house<\/span> <em>(<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">their<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">house<\/span> <strong><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">of<\/span><\/strong> them)<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-background has-central-palette-11-color has-central-palette-2-background-color\">When the &#8220;i&#8221; is next to the &#8220;y&#8221; in the same syllable, a long &#8220;i&#8221; is pronounced as in &#8220;tree&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s see what happens when we add the suffix <strong><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">-kuna<\/span><\/strong> and omit the pronouns:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Quechua<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Espa\u00f1ol<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Wasi<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">y<\/span><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">kuna<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">My<\/span> house<span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">s<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Wasi<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">yki<\/span><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">kuna<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Your<\/span> house<span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">s<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Wasi<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">n<\/span><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">kuna<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">His\/Her<\/span> house<span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">s<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Wasi<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">nchis<\/span><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">kuna<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Our<\/span> house<span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">s<\/span> (also belongs to the hearer)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Wasi<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">yku<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Our<\/span> house<span style=\"color:#014260\" class=\"tadv-color\">s<\/span> (does not belong to the hearer).<br>In this case the suffix &#8211;<span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">kuna<\/span> is not added.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Wasi<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ykichis<\/span><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">kuna<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Your<\/span> house<span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">s<\/span> (The houses of you [guys])<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Wasi<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">nku<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Their<\/span> house<span style=\"color:#014260\" class=\"tadv-color\">s<\/span><br>In this case the suffix &#8211;<span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">kuna<\/span> is not added.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Words ending in consonant<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s look at the possessives of the word <strong>yanapaq<\/strong> (helper, assistant):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Ending<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Quechua<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Espa\u00f1ol<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">-ni<strong>y<\/strong><\/span><\/td><td>Yanapaq<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<strong>y<\/strong><\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">My<\/span> assistant<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">-ni<strong>yki<\/strong><\/span><\/td><td>Yanapaq<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">yki<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Your<\/span> assistant<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">-ni<strong>n<\/strong><\/span><\/td><td>Yanapaq<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">n<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">His\/Her<\/span> assistant<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">-ni<strong>nchis<\/strong><\/span><\/td><td>Yanapaq<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">nchis<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Our<\/span> assistant (also the assistant of the hearer)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">-ni<strong>yku<\/strong><\/span><\/td><td>Yanapaq<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">yku<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Our<\/span> assistant (not the assistant of the hearer)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">-ni<strong>ykichis<\/strong><\/span><\/td><td>Yanapaq<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ykichis<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Your<\/span> assistant<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">-ni<strong>nku<\/strong><\/span><\/td><td>Yanapaq<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">nku<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Their<\/span> assistant<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>And what would the plural be like? So:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!-- Feed2 -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-layout-key=\"-gw-3+1f-3d+2z\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1730987954818825\" data-ad-slot=\"6691485296\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Quechua<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Espa\u00f1ol<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Yanapaq<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<strong>y<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">kuna<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">My<\/span> assistant<span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">s<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Yanapaq<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">yki<\/span><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">kuna<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Your<\/span> assistant<span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">s<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Yanapaq<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">n<\/span><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">kuna<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">His\/Her<\/span> assistant<span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">s<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Yanapaq<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">nchis<\/span><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">kuna<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Our<\/span> assistant<span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">s<\/span> (also the assistant of the hearer)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Yanapaq<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">yku<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Our<\/span> assistant<span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">s<\/span> (not the assistant of the hearer)<br>In this case the suffix <span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">-kuna<\/span> is not added.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Yanapaq<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ykichis<\/span><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">kuna<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Your<\/span> assistant<span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">s<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Yanapaq<span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">ni<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">nku<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Their<\/span> assistant<span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">s<\/span><br>In this case the suffix <span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">-kuna<\/span> is not added.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns botones is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/grammar\/verbs-conjugation-future-simple-and-continuous\/\">Previous lesson:<br> Future tense<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/free-quechua-course\/\">Quechua course:<br> All lessons<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/grammar\/verb-kay-to-be\/\">Next lesson:<br> Verb &#8216;Kay&#8217;<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Formation of plural in Quechua In English, the most common formation of plural nouns is by adding an&nbsp;&#8211;s&nbsp;suffix to the singular noun, in Quechua you must add the suffix -kuna. We saw a little of this with the pronouns qankuna (you [guys]) and paykuna (they), which are formed by adding -kuna to qan (you) &#8230; <a title=\"Grammar 7: The plural and the possessive in Quechua\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/grammar\/plural-and-possessive\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Grammar 7: The plural and the possessive in Quechua\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[27,30],"class_list":["post-642","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-grammar","tag-quechua-grammar","tag-verbs-in-quechua"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/642","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=642"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/642\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1356,"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/642\/revisions\/1356"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=642"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=642"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=642"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}