{"id":653,"date":"2019-12-23T15:25:34","date_gmt":"2019-12-23T21:25:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/aprenderquechua.com\/?p=653"},"modified":"2020-03-23T11:43:52","modified_gmt":"2020-03-23T17:43:52","slug":"quechua-sentences-suffix-qa-third-person","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/grammar\/quechua-sentences-suffix-qa-third-person\/","title":{"rendered":"Grammar 12: The suffix -qa for the third person"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns botones is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/vocabulary\/demonstrative-pronouns-this-that\/\">&lt;&lt;&lt;<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/free-quechua-course\/\">Lessons<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/grammar\/negative-sentences-suffix-chu\/\">&gt;&gt;&gt;<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<!-- aprenderquechua-display-cuadrado -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1730987954818825\" data-ad-slot=\"3042231937\" data-ad-format=\"auto\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n<p>The suffix -qa is essential in Quechua, it appears everywhere and in all kinds of sentences, so it is vital that you learn it. We will start with the use of this suffix in the third person.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This suffix marks the main topic or topic of the sentence, has an emphatic function, goes to the end of the word that you want to emphasize (we already saw a little of this suffix in the lesson about the <a href=\"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/grammar\/verb-kay-to-be\/\">verb Kay<\/a>). <span style=\"background-color:#FAD2E0\" class=\"tadv-background-color\">It has no equivalent in English<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-background has-central-palette-11-color has-central-palette-1-background-color\"><strong>For example<\/strong>, the sentence: &#8216;He is helping her&#8217;, without -qa would be: &#8216;<em>Pay payta yanapashan<\/em>&#8216;, it sounds a bit weird to say in a run way: &#8216;Pay payta&#8217;, but with -qa it would look like this: &#8216;<em>Payqa payta yanapashan<\/em>&#8216;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<!-- In-article1 -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1730987954818825\" data-ad-slot=\"7368134539\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-background has-central-palette-11-color has-central-palette-1-background-color\"><strong>Another example<\/strong>, the sentence: &#8216;Jos\u00e9 teaches Maria&#8217;, <span style=\"color:#FAD2E0\" class=\"tadv-color\">without <strong>-qa<\/strong><\/span> would be: &#8216;<span style=\"color:#FAD2E0\" class=\"tadv-color\">Jose Mariata yachachin<\/span>&#8216;; confusing, right? <strong><em><span style=\"color:#FFC300\" class=\"tadv-color\">Imagine that there is someone called &#8216;Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda&#8217;<\/span><\/em><\/strong>, so that Quechua sentence could be translated: &#8216;<strong><span style=\"color:#FAD2E0\" class=\"tadv-color\">[He] teaches Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda<\/span><\/strong>&#8216;, that&#8217;s why there is the suffix -qa: &#8216;<span style=\"color:#FFC300\" class=\"tadv-color\">Jose<strong>qa<\/strong> Mariata yachachin<\/span>&#8216;, it shows that Jos\u00e9 is someone different from Mar\u00eda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Under the influence of Spanish, some people might say: &#8216;Jose yachachin Mariata&#8217;, the idea is understood, but the suffix -qa is used in many other different ways, not only in simple sentences like this, so it is worth getting used to using it in these sentences that are simple, and that will help us get used to using -qa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To reinforce this idea, let&#8217;s look at some examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Sentences with personal names and pronouns<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"\"><tbody><tr><td><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Without -qa (wrong)<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><strong><span style=\"color:#005E8A\" class=\"tadv-color\">With -qa (right)<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Meaning<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Marco<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Antonio<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> yanapashan<\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Marco<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">qa<\/span><\/strong> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Antonio<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> yanapashan<\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Marco<\/span> is helping <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Antonio<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Juan<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Carlos<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> yachachiran<\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Juan<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">qa<\/span><\/strong> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Carlos<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> yachachiran<\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Juan<\/span> taught <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Carlos<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Maria<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Julia<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> munakun<\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Maria<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">qa<\/span><\/strong> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Julia<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> munakun<\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Mar\u00eda<\/span> loves <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Julia<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Marco Antonio<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Antonio<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> yanapashan<\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Marco Antonio<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">qa<\/span><\/strong> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Antonio<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> yanapashan<\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Marco Antonio<\/span> is helping <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Antonio<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Juan<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Juan Carlos<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> yachachiran<\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Juan<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">qa<\/span><\/strong> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Juan Carlos<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> yachachiran<\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Juan<\/span> taught <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Juan Carlos<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Maria Julia<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Julia<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> munakun<\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Maria Julia<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">qa<\/span><\/strong> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Julia<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> munakun<\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Maria Julia<\/span> loves <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">Julia<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>It&#8217;s not that hard, right?\ud83d\ude00<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Sentences with demonstrative pronouns<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As all demonstrative pronouns allude to a third person are perfect to understand how to use <strong>-qa<\/strong> in these situations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the following table I show you the same sentences, first without <strong>-qa<\/strong> (the incorrect ones) and then with <strong>-qa<\/strong> (the correct ones), you will realize that <strong>-qa<\/strong> points to the subject, the one who performs the action, and how the verb is at the end, to achieve this it is vital to <span style=\"background-color:#FAD2E0\" class=\"tadv-background-color\">differentiate the subject from the object<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>New vocabulary:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><em>Wikch&#8217;uy<\/em><\/strong>: to throw<\/li><li><strong><em>Q&#8217;opa<\/em><\/strong>: garbage<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"\"><tbody><tr><td><strong><span style=\"color:#D8373E\" class=\"tadv-color\">Without -qa (wrong)<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><strong><span style=\"color:#005E8A\" class=\"tadv-color\">With -qa (right)<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Meaning<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Kay wiraqocha<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">wawan<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> <em>yachachin<\/em><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Kay wiraqocha<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#F3534A\" class=\"tadv-color\">qa<\/span><\/strong> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">wawan<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> <em>yachachin<\/em><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">This gentleman<\/span> <em>teaches<\/em> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">his son<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Kay wiraqochakuna<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">wawanku<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> <em>yachachinku<\/em><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Kay wiraqochakuna<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#F3534A\" class=\"tadv-color\">qa<\/span><\/strong> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">wawankun<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> <em>yachachinku<\/em><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">These gentlemen<\/span> <em>teach<\/em> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">their children<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Chay sipaskuna<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">mamayki<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> <em>yanaparanku<\/em><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Chay sipaskuna<\/span><span style=\"color:#F3534A\" class=\"tadv-color\"><strong>qa<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">mamayki<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> <em>yanaparanku<\/em><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Those girls<\/span> <em>helped<\/em> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">your mom<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Chay waynakuna<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">taytayku<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> <em>yanapasharanku<\/em><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Chay waynakuna<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#F3534A\" class=\"tadv-color\">qa<\/span><\/strong> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">taytayku<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> <em>yanapasharanku<\/em><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Those boys<\/span> <em>were helping<\/em> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">our father<\/span> (not the hearer\u2019s)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Haqay runa<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">ususiyki<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> <em>turiasharan<\/em><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Haqay runa<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#F3534A\" class=\"tadv-color\">qa<\/span><\/strong> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">ususiyki<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> <em>turiasharan<\/em><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">That man<\/span> <em>was bothering<\/em> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">your daughter<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Haqay runakuna<\/span> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">q&#8217;opa<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> <em>wikch&#8217;usharanku<\/em><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Haqay runakuna<\/span><strong><span style=\"color:#F3534A\" class=\"tadv-color\">qa<\/span><\/strong> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">q&#8217;opa<\/span><strong>ta<\/strong> <em>wikch&#8217;usharanku<\/em><\/td><td><span style=\"color:#0078D7\" class=\"tadv-color\">Those man<\/span> <em>were throwing<\/em> <span style=\"color:#338A64\" class=\"tadv-color\">garbage<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<!-- Feed1 -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-layout-key=\"-ef+6k-30-ac+ty\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1730987954818825\" data-ad-slot=\"2934420723\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n<p>Although it is often used with the third person, it can also be added to the first and second person: noqaqa, qanqa, but do not overdo it, it cannot be used indiscriminately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns botones is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/vocabulary\/demonstrative-pronouns-this-that\/\">Previous lesson:<br>Demonstrative pronouns<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/free-quechua-course\/\">Quechua course:<br> All lessons<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/grammar\/negative-sentences-suffix-chu\/\">Next lesson:<br> Negative sentences<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The suffix -qa is essential in Quechua, it appears everywhere and in all kinds of sentences, so it is vital that you learn it. We will start with the use of this suffix in the third person. This suffix marks the main topic or topic of the sentence, has an emphatic function, goes to the &#8230; <a title=\"Grammar 12: The suffix -qa for the third person\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/grammar\/quechua-sentences-suffix-qa-third-person\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Grammar 12: The suffix -qa for the third person\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[27,36],"class_list":["post-653","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-grammar","tag-quechua-grammar","tag-the-suffix-qa"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/653","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=653"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/653\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1361,"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/653\/revisions\/1361"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=653"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=653"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aprenderde.com\/quechua-cusco\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=653"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}